Ancient women's jewelry

Abstract: The ancient headdress was exquisite and beautiful. This article briefly introduced the types of ancient women's headdress, the development of headdress, and the occasion of ancient women to wear different headpieces.

The keywords: 笄, 簪, 钗, 钗, Huasheng, 擿, flower 钿, step shake, combing
often you can see the TV series in the TV series wearing graceful and gorgeous clothing Wearing a beautiful headgear, this beautiful scene made us feel the development of ancient manual technology. But if you think about it, what is presented in the TV series is only the imitation of the ancient headdress of the ancient headdress. It is not difficult to imagine how ingenuity is the real ancient headpiece. Let's briefly introduce the headdress worn by ancient women.

. 1. ，, 钗, 擿, 擿, Huasheng

笄 is used to be used for hair or fixing, crowns. It is recorded in "Ritual · Shi Guan Li": "Pippi, Jue 笄 笄." Zheng Xuan Note: "Well, today's 簪." Ancient women often used 笄 to fix the buns. When an ancient woman reached adults, she used her hair to raise her hair, so she also referred to the woman's adult ceremony. "Yili · Shi Xunli": "Women may marry, and the word is called." Zheng Xuan Note: "Well, women's ritual, still crown men." Five and 郑 郑. "Zheng Xuan note:" It should be married for the year, and the word is the word. It has not been married, and twenty is 笄. "

Come to set the long needle of the bun or crown. Can be made of metal, bones, jade, etc. Later, he referred to the jewelry of women.头, ， stock, make the head into a mule that can be scratched, so it is commonly known as scratching head. "Xijing Miscellaneous" records: Emperor Hanwu had taken his head to the Emperor Han Wu, and he had taken his head. Since then, the palace people have used jade. "Hou Han Book · Public Servant" includes: "Golden Dragon's first name of white beads, fish must be tadpole, one foot long, is a puppet."

, a kind of jewelry made of two buns. It is used to hold the hair, and use it to put the hat on the hair. The Five Dynasties and Five Dynasties "Chinese Ancient and Modern Note · 钗 钗 钗": "Sisterzi, the legacy of the ancient puppet, to Qin Mugong as an ivory, respect the king for the puppet, and the emperor's gold and silver as the piano. For your feet, the name is the phoenix. "There is a difference between the 钗 and the cricket.

Hua Sheng, that is, Huasheng. An ancient woman's flower -shaped jewelry is usually made of flowers and plants in the shape of a grass or in front of the forehead. "Release Name · Shi Shi Jie": "Huasheng, Hua, like the flowers of the grass and trees; victory, the speaker described as positive, one person wins, and it is decorated before the hair." Below ":" Hao Ran Bai's head Dai Sheng and the acupoint. "Tang Yanshu Note;" Win, the women's jewelry also, the Han Dynasty is the victory of the Chinese Dynasty. "

Step by step, a kind of jewelry attached to the cricket in ancient women. "Release Name · Shi Shi Jie": "There is a pearl in the step, and the step is shaking." Han's steps shake gold as a phoenix, there is a residence, there is a cricket in front, and the five picking jade is dressed up, and the line shakes. "Bai Juyi used in" The Song of Everlasting ":" The clouds of the clouds are shaken, the hibiscus account is warm in the spring night . "Come to describe Yang Guifei.

The ancient women stunned their hair into a puppet and fixed with a cricket to avoid falling in loose. In ancient times, there were many forms of crickets, made of stone, bamboo, jade, bone, gold, silver and other materials. With the development of the times, these crickets also changed. The changes are mainly concentrated in the head of the puppet. The common: (1) dome shape, the body is a cylindrical body, the top is used as a sphere or hemisphere, and a few are engraved with rotary patterns; The same, but the patterns such as plums, lotus, chrysanthemums, peaches, etc. at the top; (3) Ear -shaped shapes are formed by metal or jade. Earlier digging makes one thing has two functions; (4) Ruyi, round or flat -shaped, bending forward in the shape of the body, as well as the head; Common ones are dragons, phoenixes, unicorn, swallows, birds and fish.

This buns in these shapes are found in ancient tombs in various places. For example, the second year of Tang Dazhong, Huijia Village, Southern Suburban, Xi'an (848) Two -phoenix pattern gold and silver crickets were unearthed. Wearing chrysanthemum patterns, the image is rich. The emperor of Guangzhou Emperor Gangtang Tomb of the Tang Dynasty has flowers and birds, flowers and birds, flowers, tangled buns, cone, etc., use mold pressure, carvings, cutting and other processes. The same direction is opposite, and it can be seen that it is inserted left and right. (Figure 1)

Teng flower cricket: (1) Stockholm Kempe's Tibetan (2) Emperor of Guangzhou Emperor Gang Tang Tomb unearthed (3) Tang Dynasty chrysanthemum pattern (unearthed in Xi'an) (4) Tang Dynasty double phoenix pattern (Unearted by Xi'an)

This in the south of the south of the western suburbs of Hefei, Anhui During the tomb of the tomb of the tomb of the tomb of the tomb of 28 cm long, the upper end is like the wings of the double wings, and it is inlaid with the fine jade pieces. Divide the pearl jade skewers. The other one is 18 cm long, with four butterflies flying at the top, and the silver steps of the drooping beads and jade string are extremely delicate (Figure 2)

1 1 Yubu shake (the bottom right is the jade piece inlaid inlaid)

Figure 2 — 2 Anhui Hefei unearthed from Southern Tang Four Butterfly Silver Silver

. 3. Comb, flowers

篦, a dense comb comb tool. It also refers to combing your hair to eliminate dirt. Tang Lihe's poem "Qin Palace": "篦 篦 篦 不 不 不 氍 毹 毹 毹 毹 毹 毹 毹 毹 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 鸾 n
This flowers, flowers made of gold, silver, jade, shell, etc. Ming and Song Yingxing "Tiangong Kaiwu · Jade": "Fan jade is broken and crushed, and it is used in the flowers."钿, Cuiyu, Jade 钿, etc. "

The China has paid attention to etiquette since ancient times. People attach great importance to their own appearance and decoration. Especially women, almost unable to leave, for a long time, forming a combing atmosphere.

The Qin wooden color painting corner unearthed from Jiangling, Hubei Jiangling, and horseshoe -shaped. The combed combing of the Western Han Tomb in Changsha, Changsha, Hunan is made of ivory, all horseshoe shapes, 8.8 cm long, 5.9 cm wide, 20 teeth, 47 teeth, fine and uniform. In Linyi Yinshan, Shandong and the Western Han wood -ups unearthed from the south city of Jiangling, Hubei, there are four decorations on it. The copper comb on the Tang Tomb of the south gate of Changsha, Hunan has been disabled, and has clear patterns on the back to wander the two birds. Exquisite bone comb was unearthed in the gutter of Miao Dougou in Shaanxi County (Figure 3)

Figure 3-1 Tang Dynasty copper comb (longa of Changsha in Hunan, according to the residual restoration)

Figure 3-2 The bone combs unearthed from the temple under the bottom ditch of Henan Province

簪 钗 钗 is used to hold the hair, and the flower pupa is directly inserted into the good buns to decorate Essence (Figure 4)

FIG. 4-1 Liuli Baoyu (Anti -material patch unearthed from the five generations outside the east gate of Haizhou, Xinhai Lian City, Jiangsu)

Jin Yan (the real object of hand in the world, now hides the Japanese Yamato Mandarin Museum)

Figure 4-3 % of the flower -shaped golden cricket (unearthed from the Tang Tomb of the Emperor Gang of Guangzhou)

Judging from the information, as early as four thousand years ago, our ancestors had the habit of inserting. At that time, although it was not entirely for decoration (some are related to religion, burial customs), it was the source of the customs of later generations.

The comb before spring and autumn, no matter how complicated the shape and decoration, their appearance characteristics are basically the same, they are straight and vertical, the combination is higher, the horizontal surface is narrow, and rarely uses square or rarely squares or as square or rarely squares or as square or as square or as square or as square or as square or square or as square or square or as square or square or as square or square or as square or as square or square or as square or as square or square or as square or square or as square or square or as square or as square or as square or as square or as square or as square or as square or as square or square. Flat.

From the Warring States Period to the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, the material of the combing ravioli has always been mainly bamboo and wood, especially the most common wood. Most of the combed shapes are round -ups like horseshoe.

The wind from Wei and Jin on women's heads, to the Tang Dynasty, this kind of combing commonly used gold, silver, jade, rhino and other noble materials. Xuan's "Character", Zhou Dipan's "Fan Fan Lady Picture" and the Tang Dynasty support of the Tang Dynasty in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes can be seen. Yuan Yan described in "Hate Makeup": "Small combed on his head, and applied in person." Wang Jian's "Palace Words" also describes "return to don't apply a combing". Fashion.

The combing of the Five Dynasties of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, mostly into a trapezoidal, which is significantly reduced in height. After the Song Dynasty, the shape of the combs tended to flatter, usually in half a moon shape. The combing style of the Ming and Qing dynasties basically maintained the Song system.

. Conclusion

The economic situation of social development at that time from the headdress of ancient women. The more developed the economy, the more headdress worn by women, the more delicate and complicated the production. Women wearing headdress are also particular about their status, and people of different status have different headdresses worn on different occasions. This can be seen from "Hou Han Book · Public Servant" that the emperor and Empress Dowager, the jewelry worn by the Empress Dowager when entering the temple: "簪 瑇瑁 瑇瑁 擿, one foot long, the end is Huasheng, the upper is the upper one, it is the upper one for The Lord of the Emperor Feng, with the jadeite as the feather, has white beads underneath, and the golden cricket is hanging. n "The queen's temple service fake, step shaking, 珥. The inscription is based on the golden theme, and the white beads are the Guizhi Xiangmiao, a nine, etc., bears, tigers, red 罴, Tianlu, wicked evil, Nanshan Feng, Nanshan Feng The six beasts of the big special, the so -called "deputy six Jia Jia 'of the poem. The beasts of the beasts use jadeite as the hairy feathers. Golden inscriptions, white beads around, with jadeite as Huayun." "Gong, Qing, Liehou, two thousand stones , Mrs. Two Shishi, 蔮 蔮, the golden dragon's first white beads, fish must be tadpole, one foot is a foot, it is a puppet. "" Old Tang Book · Public Service "also records:" Wude Ling, the queen has wealthy clothing with wei clothing , Juyi, the third grace of 三 三 ， ，. Weisai, the first

decorative the twelve trees of the flowers, and the two blogs ... 钿 钿 ， ，, twelve 钿 ...; , Jiu Jiu Jiushu, ... fine 饰 饰 ，, nine 钿 ...; internal and external women serve flowers, Zhai Yi Qingqin, the first grade flower nine trees, Zhai Jiu, etc. Eight -class. The third grade flowers and seven trees, Zhai Qi et al. Fourth, the fourth flower, six trees, Zhai Liu et al. Fifth product flower, five trees, Zhai five, etc. Alas, the second product is eight, the third product is seven, the fourth grade and six 钿, the fifth product and the fifth 钿 ... "

The headdress of ancient women is an indispensable part of ancient civilization. In the process of civilization inheritance, we learned a lot and abandoned a lot. In modern life with a fast -paced rhythm, people who advocate simplicity no longer wear gorgeous and complicated and diverse forms of headgear as ancient times, but the headdress such as 簪, 钗 and other headdress does not have no headgear. Disappearing, they were simplified. In daily life, you can often see women's simple, generous puppets to cricket their hair. It is hoped that the important part of the clothing culture can continue to develop and inherit, and the bright crown of Chinese civilization is indispensable for such a shining pearl.

Reference Bibliography:

"Ritual · Shiguan", "Ritual · Shi Xunli", "Book of Rites", "Xijing Miscellaneous", "Hou Han Book · · "

" Chinese Ancient and Modern Note · Sub -Zizi "," Released · Shi Shi Jie "," Hanshu Sima Xiangru "," Gonggong Kainer · Jade " "Public Service", "Chinese Dictionary", "Chinese Cultural Tongzhi · Clothing Chronicle"